Permanent wave heater



Oct. 20, 1936. E. KNOSPE I 2,058,380

PERMANENT WAVE HEATER I Filed Feb. 19, 1 936 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 v la/74W...

f2 f1 f3 INIVEIIQTOR ATTORNEY Patented Oct. 20, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE a...

.3 Claims.

This invention relates to electrically operated hair curlers of the type in which the lock of hair to be curled is wound upon a curling rod serving as a core and therewith placed in an electrical .5 heater.

Hitherto it has been customary in the curling of hair to wind a small wisp of the hair around a suitable curling rod, impregnate this hair with permanent wave liquid, cover the wisp of hair with-:pads impregnated with the liquid and enclose the core with the wisp'of hair and pad for ashort period of time in an electrically operated heater.

The use of pads is objectionable, expensive and time-consuming. Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide an electrically operated hair curler which willeliminate the use of pads.

The treatment of hair upon the human scalp requires great care to prevent accidents and failure as well as the possibility of burning the scalp and hair. i

A further object of the inventionis, therefore to provide an electrically operated hair curler in which the heater is provided with thin sheets of asbestos cloth upon the inner exposed faces of both the lower and the upper heater sections to positively eliminate the possibility of injury to the hair or scalp.

Usually also the curling rods have merely consisted of a spindle tapering fromthe ends to a slender central portion about which the lock of hair is wrapped to be enclosed in the heater. The disadvantageof this is that ends of the hair protrude, and considerable time is consumed to wrap the hair properly. D

A further object of the invention is, therefore, to provide a spindle having a hinged finger which latter not only holds the lock of hair in position.

during andafter the wrapping operation but which is also provided with an absorbent layer of material whichma'y be saturated with the permanent wave fiuid, the finger being perforated to permit the fluid to impregnate the wrapped tion produce a better shaped curl, in less time than has hitherto been possible.

Attempts have hitherto been made to reduce the weight and bulk of electrically operated curl-' 50 ing heaters while retaining the necessary rigidity of the parts. However, devices of this character are still uncomfortable and far too cumbersome.

It is therefore, a still further object of the invention to provide a light strong and durable 55 device of this character which may be applied lock of hair and thus during the heating opera-' close to the scalp without danger of burning the latter, and which will. be inexpensive to menufacture and will require minimum time of the operator to apply. and remove from the hair.

With the above and other objects in view the 5 ,inventionconsists of certain novel details of con: struction and combinations of parts hereinafter fully described and claimed, it being understood that various modifications may be resorted to within the scope of the appended claims without 0 departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

In the accompanying drawings forming part of the specification,

hair curler showing the uppersection of the heater openand showing the curling rod in applied position.

Figure 2 is a side elevation of the electrically operated hair curler shown inFigure 1 and show- 20 ing the electrical, plug connected therewith.

Figure 3 is a plan view of the parts shown in Figure 2 with the plug removed arid showing the roller rocked open to permit application, of the device to the hair at the scalp. 5

Figure 4 is a cross sectional view through the, upper section of the heater.

Fig. 5 is a cross sectional view lower section of the heater.

Figure. 6 is a left end elevation of the. parts 30 shown in Figure 2.

Figure '1 is a cross sectional view taken on the line 1-1 of Figure 2 looking in the direction of the arrows and with the plug connector removed.

Figure 8 is a. detail perspective view of the curling rod and showing the hinged finger thereof open.

Figure 9 is an. enlarged cross sectional view through the curling rod with the finger closed and showing a lock of hair wrapped on the curl- '40 ing rod.

Figure 10 is a detail sectional view showing the ratchet end of thecurling rod.

Figure 11 is a cross sectional view taken on the. line H-ll of Figure 10. V

Figure 12 is a side elevation of thekey and smoothing pin.

Referring now to the. drawings in which like characters of reference designate similar parts in the various views, Ill designates a base which may be formed of any suitable light strong material such as Bakelite, The base is provided with a substantially squareextension ll atone end, *as shown in Figure 5. A rollerl2 covered 'with a through the rubber cylinder l3, as shown in Figure 7, is hinged Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional .view of the to one corner of the extension II, as shown in by means of a latch II which is pivoted at one end in a kerf l8 in the base by means of a pivot pin It passed through the kerf and latch. The latch is bifurcated at the end, as shown at 20, in Figure 6, to receive an axial screw 2| on.the free end of the roller. A nut 22 on the screw may be tightened against the bifurcated end of the latch to hold the roller in the closed position, as shown in Figure 3.

The'heater, as best shown in Figure '7, comprises upper and lower sections '23 and 24, the upper section being convex and the lower section being concave downwardly. Each section is formed of light strong metal defining an interior space for the reception of the resistance coils. The ends .of the resistance coil 25 of the lower section are conducted through the extension. l5 to two pins 26, as shown best in Figures 1 and 5. The resistance coil 21 of the upper section has its ends conducted to a pair of metal eyes 23 which are carried by and insulated from a metal casing 29 projcting from one end of the upper section, as also shown best in Figures 1 and 4.

The lower section 24 of the heater is secured stationary to the base by means of a screw 30 at one end of the section, and also by the above mentioned screw I 9 which forms a pivot for the latch H. A hinge tongue 3! rises from one end of the lower section and is reduced and bent outwardly at its upper end, as best shown in Figure 5 to engage ,in an eye 32 on the outer end of the upper section, as best shown in Figure 4. The lower heater section and upper heater section are both hingediy connected together by the tongue 3| and eye 32 but the upper section 21 may be detached from thelower section by simply withdrawing the eye 32 from the tongue 3|.

For locking the hinged upper section '2'! closed against the lower section the casing 29 is provided with a slot-33 which receives a pin 34, as shown in Figure 2, the pin being hinged at the lower end by means of a screw 35 on the base III. A nut 36 on the screw may be tightened against the casing 29 to hold the uppersection of the heater closed.

The upper section 23 is provided on the lower I surface with an insulating facing 31. and the upper surface of the lower section is likewise provided with an insulating facing 38. These facings may be formed of thin sheet asbestos composition, and the ends of the facings pass over the longitudinal edges of both heater sections and manner burn or otherwise damage the hair the he ting operation.

By n w referring to Figures 8 and 9 it will be seen that the curling rod 39 is tapered from the ends toward center and at both ends is provided with rectangular lugs 40, either of which may be interchangeably received in an opening 4| in the tongue to support the curling rod non-rotatably between'the sections of the heater, as shown in Figure '1.

The curling rod is provided with a finger 42 which is provided at one end with hinge ears 43 through which and one end of the spindle, a pivot pin 44 is passed to hingediy secure the finger to the curling rod.

As best shown in Figure.9 the finger 42 is formed of three thicknesses, including an outer shell 45 of metal, an inner shell 45 of metal, and an intermediate lining 41 of absorbent material, which may be saturated with the permanent wave fluid. The finger is provided with perforations 48 through which the fluid may escape and permeate the lock' of hair wound on the curling rod.

In operation the hair is first moistened with permanent wave fluid and thena lock of the hair may-be wound upon the curling rod 39. To facilita'te winding the hair upon the curling rod one of thelugs 40 is provided with a resilient dogt49, as best shown in Figure 11, which engages ratchet teeth 50 in the counterbore end of the curling rod and permits rotation of the rod in one direction when the lug is engaged in the rectangular opening of the tongue 3|. A key 5| is used to rotate the curling rod, the key havinga rectangular recess 52 which forms a socket wrench to receive the other lug 40 of the curling rod. The

key is provided with a reduced axial pin 53 which forms a smoothing pin to work stray ends around the curling rod when winding hair.

After the inner layer, of the finger is saturated with permanent wave F fluid the finger may be closed upon the wrapped curl and will hold the curl firmly in shape without any short ends protruding. Now the curling rod with the wrapped hair thereupon may be placed between the opened sections of the heater with one squared end 4li ,of the curling rod engaged in the similar shaped opening 4| in. the heater. The upper section 21 of the heater may 'now be closed to engage the eyes 23 with the pins 25.

The device 'may now be applied to the head by opening the roller l3 to the dotted line position shown in Figure 3, and closing the roller to grip the hairclose to the scalp. A plug connector 49 may now be applied to the pins 26 to supply current to the resistance coils of the sections of the heater.

While the finger 42 in Figure 7 is shownas of a single thickness this showing is merely diagrammatic, the detail construction being illustrated in Figures 8 and 9.

From the above description it will be seen that the invention includes a heater having two sections, the confronting inner faces of which are lined with insulating material so that no metal can touch the hair and that in-use this heater will positively eliminate the use of permanent wave pads since the heater is applied directly to the hair after the hair has been moistened with j the permanent wave fluid. Elimination 'of these pads results in the saving of the operator's time in the permanent waving process and also results in a saving of money as-no permanent wave pads need be bought with the machine.

It will also be seen that since no metal can i convex downwardly, means securing one of said touch the hair danger of burning the hair is also positively eliminated.

From the above description it is thought that the construction and operation of the invention will be fully understood without further explanation.

What is claimed is:

1. A hair curler comprising a heater having a pair of hollow sections hinged together, one of the sections being concave and the other being convex downwardly, facings of asbestos cloth covering the inner surfaces of the sections and embracing the longitudinal edges thereof,-resistance coils in the sections, and means for connecting the resistance coils to a source of electricity when the sections are closed.

2. A hair curler comprising a heater having a base of insulating material, a rubber covered roller hinged at one end to said base for clamping the base to the hair at the scalp, means for locking the roller closed, upper and lower heating sections, one of which is concave and the other sections to the base, a detachable hinge connection between said sections, means for locking the sections closed, heating coils carried by the sections, means for electrically connecting the heating coils to a source or electricitywhen the sections are closed, facings of insulating material on the confronting inner faces of the sections, and

\ a curling rod adapted to be received'between said insulating facings.

3. A hair curler comprising a heater having mating heating sections hingedly co nected to? gether, a base of insulating materia supporting one of said sections, said sections being adapted -to receive a curling rod therebetween, one of said sections being concave and the other of said sections being convex downwardly, each section being hollow, a resistance coil in the hollow of each section, electric terminals carried by the base and connected to the coil of one section, insulated terminal eyes connected to the coil of the other section and adapted to receive and be electrically cdnnectedto said terminals when the sections vare closed, means for locking the sections closed,

and insulating'facings of asbestos cloth on the confronting surfaces of the sections and extending over and embrgvcing the longitudinal edges of the sections.

LAWRENCE EDWARD KNOSPE. I 

